Controlling system for regulators



Oct. 16, 1945. w U T 2,386,799

' I CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOR REGULATORS Filed April 25, 194? 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 lg INVENTOR WALTER LESLIE HUNT 67m ATTORNEYS Oct. 16, 1945. H T 2,386,799

CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOR REGULATORS Filed April 25, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR; ,WALTER lzsuz Hum ATTQPNEY Oct. 16, 1945. w L, H

CONTROLLINGSYSTEM FOR REGULATORS Filed April 25, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 VALVfOPfRAT/NGMOTOR MOTOR l 1 CUMFI'NSIT/OIVMOTOR INVENTOR} WALTER Lsu HUNT- ATTORNEYS.

Patented a. 16, 1945 2,388,799 CONTROLLING SYSTEM FOR REGULATOR S Walter Leslie Hunt, Philadelphia, Pa., asslgnor to Automatic Temperature Control 00.,

Philadelphia, Pa., vania Inc.,

a corporation of Pennsyl- Application April 25, 1942, Serial No. 440,530

37 Claims.

This application is a continuation in part of application Ser. No. 387,427, filed April 8, 1941, of which the following is a, specification.

This invention relates to controlling systems for regulators. It pertains particularly to regulators for valves. dampers, rheostats, in-put controllers, etc., which it is necessary to adjust in one way or the other in order to control and substantially to maintain certain desired conditions, whether of temperature, pressure, humidity, speed or any other conditions, at substantially a constant value despite fluctuations of variables tending both to change the value of the particular condition and to change the relation of the regulator adjustment of the value of the particular condition.

It will be evident that the invention is of wide scope and is susceptible to use in many diversifled and varied fields. For the sake 01' simplicity the four types of control mentioned above may be taken to be representative and typical examples. Purely for purposes of illustration the in- .ventionwlll be described in all essentials as being concerned with the control of a regulator for a fuel supply line in order to maintain constant temperature conditions in a furnace or the like.

In its essence, the balancer relay system used in the instant invention comprises preferably a number of cooperating parts of which a brief rsum may be given to advantage at this point. A Wheatstcne bridge circuit is provided in which opposite legs comprise, respectively, the slidewire and arm in the pyrometer, responsive to the condition to be controlled (temperature), and the slidewire and arm which is coupled to the. device for securing a change in the fuel supply (valve). The arms of the respective slidewires and their circuits are electrically the substantial equivalents of the galvanometer or the like of the conventional bridge circuit. The slidewires have their respective ends coupled in the Wheatstcne bridge circuit by means of a pair of adjustable rheostats or variable resistances, or potentiometers, which are designated as automatic load compensators, as, by the shifting of the rheostats, the initially symmetrical balance of the valve responsive slidewire arm and the valve coupled slidewirearm will assume a new position in the Wheatstcne bridge circuits (as the valve position changes) of asymmetrical balance for the same position of the pyrometer controlled slidewire arm relative to its slidewire. The load compensation shifting from a neutral balanced central setting is accomplished automatically in either direction by a reversible motor actuated by the high and low contacts of the pyrometer disposed within a few degrees of the control point driven through an adjustable interrupter. A throttling range adjustment is preferably provided in the form of supplemental coupled rheostats or potentiometers operative to variably effectively lengthen the side arms of the circuit between the slidewires to modify and selectively to predetermine the effective slidewire throttling range. An automatic resetting action is provided in the load compensator, eil'ective upon actuation of a limit switch controlled either by the movement of the fuel valve or by the movement of the pyrometer controlled slidewire arm relative to the throttling range thereof, to nullify, temporarily, the load compensation, so as to reestablish temporarily the symmetrical balanced relationship of the bridge circuit.

It is among the objects of this invention to improve the art of regulation control; to provide a regulator control of great sensitivity and ac curacy which automatically determines the amount of fuel in-put for an immediate demand; to provide a regulator control in which the pyrometer controlled arm of a slidewire is in circuit with the valve coupled arm of a slidewire, and arranged automatically to establish selectively symmetrical or asymmetrical relationship between the arms to accord with variations in load and temperature conditions, and which is also capable of reestablishing the symmetrical relationship when the pyrometer controlled arm or the valve coupled arm reaches an extreme point; to provide in a bridge circuit control a load compensation adjustment by which the slidewire arms of a pyrometer and the valve operator are balanced despite misalignment, and further to provide automatic means for resetting the slidewire arm of the valve operator and the load compensation adjustment to establish aligned balance in response to attainment by the pyrometer arm or the valve of a predetermined maximum or minimum setting; to provide a control system of simplicity and efficiency; to provide a regulator .in which any return of the pyrometer controlled arm on its slidewire to the throttlin range is accompanied by symmetrically balanced valve movement return coupled thereto, to provide a coupling between the pyrometer slidewire and the valve operator such that balance of the valve and the pyrometer can be symmetrical or asymmetrical as long as the pyrometer arm is within its throttling range, and in which attainment of the limit of the throttling range actuates the valve operator to establish symmetrical balance with the pyrometer arms; to provide an improved regulator in which conditions of balance and control are either directly or indirectly a function of pyrometer arm relative movement; to provide an improved regulator which can either be built directly into a pyrometer instrument, or eifectively in-built by providing an auxiliary unit for association with a separate pyrometer instrument; to provide a regulatin control which can maintain the control point even with the valve fully open or fully closed; and many other objects and advantages of the invention will become more evident as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this application,

Fig. 1 represents a wiring diagram of the control system of the invention with certain of the structure schematically indicated.

Fig. 2 represents a schematic wiring diagram showing the operation of the circuit to secure the control desired.

Fig. 3 represents a wiring diagram of the control system of this invention in its simplest form as a unit in a pyrometer instrument.

Fig. represents a schematic wiring diagram showing the control system of the invention as incorporated in a separate unit for association with a pyrometer instrument, whereby effective identical operation is attained.

Purely for purposes of illustration, as noted, it will be assumed that the control is to be operatively efiective upon a valve in a fuel line running to a furnace containing a temperature responsive element such as a pyrometer. Specifically the furnace it, shown in fragmentar form in Fig. 1, is supplied by a fuel line H containing the valve element E2, the position of which is determined by a lever arm it pivoted to link it, which in turn is pivotally connected to a link i5, which is actuated in one.direction or the other by the respective field coils i6 and Wei the reversible motor is. limit switches respectively 2d and ii are both closed during running of the motor and are respectively actuated at the alternate extremities of the motions of the link it, through a pivoted switch-actuating member 22, effective with both switches 2d and it as is common in this type of device, so that the limit switches open either at or toward the maximum or minimum valve positioning. As the position of valve element ii in fuel line H is a function I of the adjusted position of the link i5, so this terminals 25 and 2b, in the circuit to be described.

A pyrometer responsive instrument 2? is provided containing a slidewire 28 between terminals 3d and ti, of the circuit to be described, and with reference to which a contact making pointer, needle or slidewire arm 32 having an insulated secondary contact-making portion E65 has wiping adjustment in response to variations in the temperature of the furnace it, through an electrical connection (not shown) with the pyrometer 33. It will be understood that the arm, pointer or indicator 32, in its swinging movements relative to the slidewire has a neutral median no-contact position from which it has a relatively restricted variable swinging movement between engagement of contact making portion I66 either with a low temperature adjustable contact 36 or a high temperature adjustable contact 35, in the circuit to be described as well as a potentiometer functioning in engagement of arm 32 and slidewire 28, as will be understood. Practically any movement of appreciable extent from the median position of the pointer 32, finds a contact being closed between contact portion I88 of pointer 32, and either low contact 34 or high contact 35.

The controlling instrument comprising the invention is preferably actuated through the leads 36 and c1 of an A. C. power line controlled by a master double-pole switch 38. One side of the line M from switch 38 extends through a second double-pole switch 39 and through a connector M, which touches the terminal t common to one pole and to the actuating coil iti of a double pole relay it (normally held in by the closing of limit switch 28 as will be explained), through primary coil 62 of a transformer tit, and through a connector Aid to and beyond one pole 45 of the actuating coil 36 of a double-throw relay 4'! (normally held in" by the closing of limit switches 28 and 2! as will be explained), through switch 35, through connector 9 to the other side or the line switch, to the return line 86.

The "balancer" control bridge relay of the instrument, operating in a Wheatstone bridge circuit, may be of any desired sort, but as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 it comprises a pivoted beam or arm be carrying a .bar 5! having a central shank 52, permanently serving as the core of a continuously energized stabilizing and polarizing coil 53. The ends 5d of bar at are in operative relation respectively to the coils 55 and 55 disposed in reversed series and being energized in One way or the other only during and as a result of conditions of unbalance in the bridge circuit. Beam 5% carries a double ended contact 51 and from a stable mid-position moves between and establishes contact alternately with either of fixed contacts 58 or 60. For this purpose beam '56 is electrically connected with a lead 5 l The stabilizing coil 53 of the bridge relay is connected at one end through a lead 62 with a secondary coil 63 of the transformer G3. The other side of said secondary is connected through lead 65 to the adjustable wiping element 85 of a. potentiometer 66. The latter, through one lead 61, connects with the terminal at of the slidewire 28 of the actuating instrument. The other side of the potentiometer 85 connects through a lead 68 to potentiometer 0r rheostat it and through adjustable wiping element m3 through lead H, to the terminal 25 of the slidewire 24, coupled with the valve operator.

The movable element 65 of the potentiometer 66 is mechanically coupled with a similar movable or driven arm 19 of a potentiometer i2, connected to the other endof secondary coil 63, with both driven arms on the same shaft 69, and both are driven in one direction or the other by a reversible load compensating motor 73; having fields 7d and i5 arranged for alternate energize.- tion to drive shaft 89. The potentiometer 12 connects on one side through a lead 76 to terminal 36 of the slidewire 28 of the actuating instrument, and on the other side through connector ii, to a variable resistor or rheostat 18, the movable element $4 of which is coupled for simultaneous and similar actuation with the movable element i63. of the variable resistor 10. Rheostats l0 and i8 comprise the throttling range adjustment. The movable element I64 of variable resistor 18 is connected through lead 80 to a, terminal 26 of the slidewire 24 of the relay according to Figs. 1 and 2 is that disclosed in the patent to Macgeorge No. 2,108,775, of February 15, 1938. The beam 50 is connected with the lead 8|, which in turn runs to a terminal contact 82 01' a switch 88. Switch 83 has two alternate closed positions, one being for "automatic operation when bridge piece 85 moving on terminal 84 engages contact terminal 82. The other position for "hand operation being when bridge piece 85 leaves contact 82 and engages terminal contact 88 to be described. The auto- I88 of the movable arm 82 of the slidewire 28 o of the actuating instrument 21 so as to establish a circuit from I88 through contact 84 or 88, separate from the variable circuit between wiping arm 82 and slidewire 28. The'interrupter bar H2 is coupled through a connector H8, with a resilient load compensation resetting contactor bar II1, having the double contact H8 arranged selectively to engage a lower contact -I20 Or an upper contact I or to be positioned between and out of contact with both. The resetting bar- H1 is controlled by a cam I88 driven by shaft 88 of load compensating motor 18. The cam includes a low contact surface I48, a high contact surface I58 and a sloping surface I88 upon which a bar carried protuberance I18 may stop and rest to hold the resetting bar in the mid-position shown.

Lower contact I20 of the resetting circuit, through connector I2I leads to a pole I22 of the upper switch of the double pole relay 41. When matic circuit closing establishes a circuit in one direction through connector 88 to and through one contact of the double-pole switch 88, through connector H to the terminal 8 of relay 48 previously described, through the primary coil 42 of the transformer 48, and through lead 44 past pole 45 of relay 41 to the other terminal of switch 88, and back to the line.

The contact 58, of the bridge relay, which may be designated the low temperature terminal or contact, is engaged with a connector 81 extending to a terminal 88 of the double-pole relay 88 (normally held in by limit switch 2|), then to a terminal 8I of the "open switch 82. The latter has a bridge piece 88 to connect terminal M with a terminal 84, and through lead 85 to the terminal 88 of switch 88 for the "hand operation of the device when engaged by the bridge member 85. The contact 84 through a lead 81 is coupled to a terminal 88 of the close switch 88 and through the movable hand piece I00 electrically engages a terminal IOI when the switch is closed. From terminal IN the circuit is led through connector I02 to a terminal I 88 of the double-pole relay 48 (normally held in by limit switch 20), and through connector I04 to the'high contact" 80 of the bridge circuit relay.

The reversible load compensation motor 18 drives the potentiometers 88 and 12 simulta neously and synchronously in the same direction, according to the energization of the respective coils 14 and 15. The latter are connected at one end in a common return I85, extending to one end of the field winding I88 of the load compensation "interrupter motor I01, then through lead I88 to common terminal 84 of switch 83, and through connector 88 and switch 38 to one side of the power line. The field winding I08 of interrupter motor I01 at its other end is engaged by a connector I II running to the resilient interrupter bar II2 having a. contact H8 in a position to make and break contact with a fixed contact H4. The interrupter bar II2 has a protuberant portion I88 in position to ride upon the high cam surface N8 of a variable cam I28 driven by the interrupter motor I81.

The cam is preferably split and adjustable so as to vary the time that the protuberance I08 is off of high cam surface H8, so as to energize contact II4 by contact II8. Contact II4 through connector II5 engages the circuit closing element the relay has fallen out (as is illustrated), the bridge piece I23 of the relay establishes contact with terminal contact or pole I22 and through connector I24 extends to the free end of the field winding 14 of the reversible load compensating motor 13 to close a driving circuit through that winding. Obviously this circuit through winding 14 is broken when the relay 4! is actuated by being moved in. The upper resetting contact I25, when engaged by contact II8 on bar II1 closes the circuit therethrough and through a connector I28 to a terminal contact I21 in the lower switch in the double pole relay 41. When the bridge piece I28 of the relay 41 is in engagement with terminal I21, when the relay has dropped out, the circuit is continued through connector I88 to the free end of the field winding 15 of the reversible load compensator motor 18, to actuate the motor in the opposite direction. Obviously either the opening of the circuit between the double contact H8 and fixed contact I25 of the load compensation resetter, or the energization of the relay 41, will interrupt this circuit and stop the motor.

The interrupter motor I81, which is preferably continuously driven, has its field in a circuit through connector I32 extending from field terminal IIO, to the terminal 45 in the relay 41 and then through lead 44 to one side of the line at switch 88. The other end of the field winding of motor I 81 completes the circuit through line I08, through terminal 84 of switch 83, through lead 88 to the other side of the line switch 88. From terminal 45 several lines extend including one through coil 48 of said relay by connector I88 to terminal I 34 of the upper switch of the doublepole relay 80, through bridge piece I85 when re- -1ay 88 is actuated in, and through contact I38 and connector I81 to the terminal I88 of relay 48. The coil I3I of the latter relay is always energized. so long as limit switch 28 is closed, and the circuit goes from switch 88 of the line, connector 44, terminal 45, connectors I44 and I45, through switch 28, through connector I84, through coil I8l, terminal 6 and lead 4i back to the line. When the relay 48 is in the upper relay circuit is then from contact I88 through bridge piece I40 through connector 4I' to the power line. Connected to terminal 8 of bridge piece I40 is the connector, I, leading from bridge piece I40 of the relay, through relay coil I42 of the relay 80, and through connector I43 to the bar of limit switch 2| of the valve operator. If the limit switch 2| is closed (as it and switch 28 both are,

preferably, during normal valve operation within the predetermined limits), the circuit is then through the bar 2! through the common return I to the terminal d of the double-pole relay 4? and through connector it to the power line. The fixed contacts of limit switches 28 and 2B are joined by a line M5 and with a. return lead ing position with the terminal at, and through connector 871 the circuit extends to one side (5&5

of the bridge circuit relay, as has been described.

Terminal at of switch MS of relay it has another connector lfid which leads from terminal 38 to terminal 9! of a hand "open switch Q3.

The field winding ii of motor it leads through a connector iti to the terminal E52 of the lower,

switch of the relay :19 which, when energized, then connects through bridge piece E53 with the previously described terminal tilt and in one direction through lead W3 to the other side (til) of the bridge circuit relay, while in the other direction, it leads through connector 562 to the terminal it! of the switch 99 as previously described.

The slidewire movable element or arm 23 in association with the valve operating linkage and motor, connects through a connector I55 to coil 55 of the bridge circuit relay and through the reversed coil 55 thereof, through a line 115$ to the movable slidewire element portion 32 of the actuating instrument. In the normal balanced relation of the bridge circuit, the resistance between arm 23 and the terminal 25 on slidewire 2 5 should equal the resistance between arm 32 and terminal of slidewire 28, and in this situation no current flows in either direction through coils 55 and 5B of relay 5d.

One side of a circuit extends from the line at switch -39 through connector 663, terminal 35, connector I32, interrupter bar H2, contacts M3 and MB, and connector H5 to contact ltd. When the latter engages and establishes contact with low contact 36, a load compensating running of motor 33 is accomplished, by completing a circuit as follows: through contact 34, and line I5? to the upper terminal i58 of the lower switch of the double-pole relay 41. If relay d? is in," the circult continues acrossthe movable bridge piece l28 thereof then through line I36, motor field '15, return Hi5, terminal ltd, connector E08, to the line switch 3! throughterminal 8d and connector d6 previously described. The high contact 35 in the actuating instrument when contacted by the movable element Hit of arm 32, establishes a circuit therethrough and through a connector E58 to'the upper terminal lei of the upper switch of the multiple relay M, in position to be engaged by the movable bridge member 523 thereof, to close the circuit through connector 12% and through field winding M of the reversible motor, when the bridge member H3 moves oil contact M2 and on to contact lsl as the relay snaps in.

Referring to the lower half of the second figure of the drawings, the schematic system of balance and of operation of the Wheatstone bridge circuit is indicated. The instrument slidewire 25 between its terminals 30 and Si, and its arm 32 .dotted lines) represents one side of the bridge circuit, of which the valve-coupled slidewire 2e between its terminals 25 and 26 and its arm 23 is the complement. Rheostats '68 and 72 complete the bridge circuit- With the rheostats or potentiometers 66 and Y2 balanced in a mid-position, then, if the movable pointer 32 is adjusted on the slidewire 28 in response to thermal changes recorded by the pyrometer 33, within a range which is preselected for the instrument, it will be clear that balance inthe bridge circuit will be attained when the movable pointer 23 of slidewire 2Q responds to changes in v'alve setting in what is designated as a relatro follow-up relationship in which current flows neither way in coils 5d and 56. This may be designated as a symmetrical balanced relationship. In other words, the distance that the pointer 32 "balances off away from terminal 89 of the instrument slidewire will be the same as the distance from terminal 25 that the pointer 28 "balances ofi. This symmetrical relationship is not necessarily the maintenance of a proper temperature control as it cannot adapt itself to variations in load conditions, which inevitably require an asymmetrical relationship of balance of the pointers.

As has been pointed out, for many reasons this direct relatrolf control utilizing symmetrical balancing is not universally satisfactory. There has developed in the art a factor of load compensation by changing the settings of potentiometers E55 and 72, by means of which variations in the relative settings of temperature and valve setting can be obtained which is designated as asymmetrical relationship. In other words,

load compensation is provided in order to per- I mit balancing oil of a valve setting and of a temperature setting, where the temperature is within the proper range with the valve setting proper to maintain the proper temperature, but not necessarily with the valve substantially half open as would follow straight relatrol. functioning. In securing this compensation by synchronously and simultaneously varying potentiometers 66 and 12, it has been, in eflect, as though the Wheatston'e bridge circuit was swung as an entity about its center and effectively angularly shifted, without actually disturbing the slidewires. To accomplish this in an expeditious manner, although any other variable resistances may be used, the respective sides of the Wheatstone bridge circuit, as noted, are formed of rheostat 56 connecting terminals 30 and 25 of the respective slidewires, and rheostat l2, coupling the terminals 3i and 2B of the slidewires, and the rheostats are arranged for synchronous, automatic, or manual variation. For purposes of this discussion, it will be assumed that potentiometers it and F8 are at zero setting, as shown in dotted lines so as not to affect the functioning of potentiometers E6 and 72.

The movable element 65 of rheostat 86, and

element 19 of rheostat F2, are preferably coupled so that they can be shifted together oppositely either way from the generally central position indicatedin Fig. 2, to extreme positions in which, for instance in one direction of shift the .arm or pointer 65 may be moved until the pointer is close to the upper terminal of rheostatfit (indicated in Simultaneously pointer we of potentiometer 72, would be close to the bottom terminal of rheostat 12, as also indicated in dotted lines. To maintain the pointer 32 at the center of slidewire 28, and yet to shift pointer 23 of slidewire 24 to points of variable asymmetrical relationship, according to variations in demand, the

load compensating rheostats must be shifted so as to add resistance on one side of the circuit (and withdraw it from the other) so as to cause the pointer 23 to move toward the side upon which the resistance has been added, as, to the position of pointer 23 indicated in dotted lines. Obviously this marks a wide change in valve setting from the balanced off symmetrical setting with the potentiometers 58 and 12 in centered position shown in Fig. 2. Arm 23 of slidewire 24 can be disposed over a required or suitable range in its asymmetrical adjustment on slidewire 24, depending upon the direction of shift of the I bridge, although short of the limits of slidewire 24. Any further movement of arm 23 to the actual limits of slidewire 24 will be as a direct function of the movements of the pyrometer slidewire arm 32 away from the control point.

This change in relationship of the controlling and responsive instruments imposed by the load compensation adjustment occasions a great swing in the instrument response mechanism in order to secure an adequately wide range of valve movements.

To minimize the swing of temperature response in the slidewire 28 in proportion to the valve movements, added resistance is brought into the circuit by means of additional potentiometers, I8 and 18, respectively coupled to the side arms of the bridge circuit 68 and I2, and arranged for coupled adjustment of arms I 33 and I64. This is a manual setting to establish a differential and secure adequate controlling movement of the valve with small movements of the controlling pyrometer responsive arm 32. This may b characterized as a throttling rangeadjustment."

It will be understood of the throttling range adjustment that the arms I83 and I thereof move simultaneously in the same direction relative to their respective resistance units and 78 to secure an effective extension of the length of ,slidewire 24 by the added resistance at its ends which is very efiective to secure close control when the' furnac has come up to temperature and is running under normal operating conditions. After the proper throttling range adjustment is secured, to decrease the effective pyrometer throttling range by securing what is in effect a micrometer adjustment, this remains as a substantially permanent setting of the control.

The disadvantages of permanent retention of load' compensating adjustment have been most noticeable and objectionable in situations where the valve has been moved to an extreme position, either opened or closed pursuant to the temperature going or remaining away off. Such a situation is presented in starting up a cold furnace (for instance). Obviously if such extreme is reached as it must be owing to the great difference between temperatures in the furnace and at the operating range, the fact that the temperature to which the instrument is responsive continues to be ,oif, either high or low, cannot push the valve further open or shut, so that there is an overrun of the temperature responsive device which must be absorbed upon a reversal of the temperature conditions, and this is not efiective to change the valve setting until after the reversal of temperature has moved the indicator an appreciable amount into the throttling range. Owing to the number of ineifective turns over which the pointer 32 must travel before effecting a valve change due to the accrued asymmetrical unbalance of the bridge circuit during maintenance of load compensation adjustment after the valve attains a maximum setting, the temperature inevitably overshoots or undershoots that which is desired. It is as though the valve I2 were actuated by a coiled spring controlled by the contact I88 on pointer 32 on slidewire 28, and by contacts 34 and 35. The deviation winds the spring and moves thevalve to an extreme position at which it must stop. The maintenance of the deviation of temperature continues to tighten the coil spring by extra turns without moving the valve. When the temperature ultimately responds to the extreme valve positioning, the spring must unwind all of the extra turns imposed upon it before actual valve movement away from its extreme is possible. The extra turns of the hypothetical coil spring are represented by the travel of. the pyrometer-responsive indicator toward the control range necessary during the condition of bridge circuitunbalance occasioned by maintenance of load compensation adjustment.

One of the primary objects of this invention is to modify the setting of the load compensation rheostats automatically whenever the setting of the pyrometer or the valve attains a predetermined maximum or minimum value. This resetting function is an important feature of the invention.

It may simplify matters if atthis point reference is made to the purely schematic structure and functioning of Fig. 2. In this the power lines 40 and 9 run to the same switch 39. One power line 4| runs along one side to form a connector to which the instrument components are attached and running to one side of the primary 42 of transformer 43. The return line 44 forms the other connection to the return side of primary 42 of the transformer 43. Secondary 63 has one lead running through stabilizing coil 53 and en. ergizes the bridge circuit through the potentiometer arms and 19, as should be clear. (The actual wiring of Fig. 1 is not identical with the schematic lay-out of Fig. 2.)

A line I46 extends through valve controlling motor I8, common to one end of both field windings and to one end of both limit switches 20 and 2| through connector I45. When both are open as shown in Fig. 2, for illustration (which actually can never occur), the circuit through the actuating coils of both relays 49 and so must fail and both relays are dropped out. To complete the power circuit through lines I46 and I45, around the motor I8, a connector I65 extends from the fixed contact of limit switch 28, through coil |3I of relay 49, to return line 44, and when limit switch 20 is closed, coil |3I is energized and the relay 49 is moved in. An' analogous line I43 runs from the fixed contact of limit switch 2| through ,coil I42 of relay 90 to return 44 so that when limit switch 2| is closed the coil I42 of relay 90 is energized and the relay held in. In normal valve positioning, as noted, both relays 90 and 43 are held in.

The power line connection to the switch elements of the relays just mentioned is through the coil H (for running the motor in one direction, for instance closed) through line I5I, bridge piece I53 (normally raised) and lead I04 to contact 60 of the bridge relay. If everything is in balance the current goes no further and motor I8 is not automatically actuated. However, upon unbalance and engagement of contact 60 by moving contact 51, the circuit is completed through beam 50, switch 85 to line 44and the valve motor is driven in one direction. This stops, in one instance, where limit switch as is actuated to drop out relay a9 and open switch i53, thereof, and in another instance by reestablishment of balance in the bridge relay and breaking or the engagement between contacts 51 and 69. It is also broken by opening of switch 83. If it is desired to run the motor it in the direction of winding I'I, under manual control, the switch 83 is opened and control bridge member 86 is swung to hand position, with bridge 8b engaging-contact 9t, and through connector 9'5 and switch 99 and connector I02 to close a circuit by-passing the bridge relay contacts 5? and as.

{For automatic control of field winding it for running the valve motor in the other direction (toward open, for instance) a connector Ml leads through bridge element N8 of relay 9i) and through lead 81 to bridge relay circuit contact 58. When the bridge relay has moved to engage contact 58 by movable contact 57, the'circuit is comaaeavee nxed contacts m or m. However, this causes no completion of an entire circuit as long as relay ll is held in," which is as long as valve with contact itl and to establish a circuit with contact 922, and through lead I2! to contact pleted through switch as and its bridge piece as to the return M. As .with the other circuit through field winding ii, the system is arranged to permit the closing of a circuit by-passing bridgerelay contacts 58 and 5?, by providing a switch 92 having a bridge piece 93 and connecting with line ill by connector I50, bridging through switch 92, line 95 and through bridge piece 85 to the return line dd.

It is to be observed that with both relays s9 and 9b in, the upper bridge members thereof establish a circuit through the coil 46 of double throw double pole relay ll, through the upper switch members 535 and M0, as will be clear, as will the fact that if either relay 49 or 90 drops out, because its associated limit switch drops out, then double switch relay 5? also drops out.

The motor it, which is the load compensation motor driving the arms 65 and 19 of rheostats 56 and 12, as has been explained, is controlled in its driving relation by the two switches controlled by relay coil 45. With the relay 41 held in a motor actuating circuit is established through the interruptor i0? and selectively through contact I66 (on pointer 32) and through either low contact 34, or high contact 35. Contact 35 through connector I50 leads to contact it! of the upper switch, which being engaged by bridge I23 closes a circuit through motor winding Hi. Contact 3 3, through connector H5 leads to contact I58 engaged by bridge piece I28 when the relay W is in, and through winding it to the return.

A feature of importance lies in the resetting cam I39 which is mounted on shaft 69 driven by motor 13. The cam and the coupled potentiometer arms 65 and i9; are arranged for an angular swing of 180 at the extremes of which the potem tiometer arms are at their respective limits of travel, and the arrangement of the cam faces I49, I59 and the slope I69 is such that when the potentiometer arms are in a central position, (and the load compensation adjustment s ml and straight symmetrical relatrol functioning can occur) the resilient arm ill carrying double contact IIB is held in the middle with contact H8 out of engagement with either of the fixed contacts H0 or I25, because the protuberance H9 is resting centrally of slope IE9 of the cam.

Obviously any load compensation adjustment that is made, as motor '13 is caused to run in one direction or the other, immediately forces the protuberance oil the slope to ride either on the high cam H59 or the low cam I49, and consequently to establish contacting engagement iii) and if this has previously been engaged by contact M8 on the bar ill, the actuating current is through lead lit, bar ill, contacts H8, i2il, lead i2i, contact I22, bridge piece i23, lead i213, winding 74, return I05 to line M. This circuit will thereupon run motor '73 until cam its has been moved to a position to break the circuit through contacts H8 and I25. At this position the load compensation rheostats will have been moved back to their balanced mid-position.

On the other hand, if the middle contact H8 has engaged contact I25 when relay fi'l drops out, then the actuating circuit, with an identical arm and potentiometer actuation as has been described, will be through lead lib, bar III, contacts lit, l25, lead i26, contact I21, switch member I28 of relay d1, connector i393, field winding it, and return 65.

Thus the load compensation is automatically reset to zero whenever the valve attains a mammum setting.

While the actuation of the resetting mechanism to reestablish symmetrical balance as accomplished through theextreme positioning of the valve is in efiect a functioning of the pyrometer instrument, it is an indirect eflect although representing broadly a predetermined change in the system which effects the resetting. Certain advantages attach to controlling the resetting directly from the pyrometer slide wire as another predetermined change in the system efiecting resetting. In the form of control so far described, it will be seen that the limit switches on the valve are the feelers by which the position of the valve is determined, and in most situations this is satisfactory. There are, however, many situations of asymmetrical relationship in which the pointer 32 is properly within the throttling range and even at the control point, while the valve is almost at its extreme limit in asymmetry so that a slight deviation of the pyrometer from the control point forces the valve the slight additional movement which efi'ects a predetermined change in the system which attempts to effect resetting to restore the symmetrical relationship, with the result of establishing hunting. There is therefore, in the valve-coupled resetting system, a limit upon the amount of asymmetry that can be developed in the system. With the control of the resetting coupled either directly, or indirectly, or efiectively, to the pyrometer slidewire assembly, arranged for actuation when the arm of the pyrometer slidewire touches points at the end of the throttling range regardless of the valve positioning or setting, the ideal condition is achieved. This is because it permits 50% of asymmetry and avoids the compromise of the connsymmetry and avoids the compromise of the valve controlled resetting, which necessarily represents a compromise of the conflict between input of asymmetry and overshooting.

between double contact H8 and either. of the 7 It will be understood that many contrcl'installations provide a pyrometer instrument with which separate units are associated to make a complete system, as it will also be clear that the very pyrometer instruments themselves can be suitably modified as to incorporate the features of the system that has been in part and which still remains in part to be described, obviating the production or use of collateral units. The association of control switches with the pyrometer slidewire may be actually in the pyrometer instrument, or effectively therein, by providing a duplicate agency in a separate attached unit, in which the agency is positioned as a function of the position of the slide wire arm of the pyrometer. The systems will be similar in many respects, but obviously the complete system in the pyrometer instrument which will be described in connection with Fig. 3 will represent the simplest form of system. The parts distinguishing Fig. 3 from Fig. 2 will be pointed out, in connection with the parts which are the same in both systems.

Referring to Fig. 3, the balancer" thermionically controlled bridge relay of the instrument, operating in the Wheatstone bridge circuit, may be of any desired sort, as for instance, the Macgeorge relay noted, but preferably it comprises a pivoted beam or arm I carrying a cross-bar I H and normally spring pressed to a neutral midposition. The end of the arm I19 is in operative relation respectively to the relay coils I12 and I13, being selectively alternately energized in one way or the other only during and as a result of conditions of unbalance in the bridge circuit.

Beam I10 from a stable mid-position moves small distances between switches to be described. The secondary winding 83, of transformer 43 is connected through lead 64, directly to the adjustable wiping element 65 of load compensating potentiometer 86. The other side of the potentiometer 66 connects through a lead 68, preferably containing a small resistance 58, to throttling range potentiometer or rheostat 10.

The driven arm 18 of the complemental load compensating potentiometer 12, is connected to the other end of secondary coil 83. tiometer 12 connects on the lower side through connection 11, preferably containing a small re- The potenpositioned slidewire 24. It will be clear that unbalance of the bridge circuit causes a flow in one direction or the other, instantaneously, through the primary coil 220 of the input transformer.

sistance 88, to the complemental throttling range resistor or rheostat 18.

A thermionic circuit is used as the relay actuating medium with enhanced efficiency of the whole, in the form of invention disclosed in Figs. 3 and 4, and the same is also available for the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2 if desired, as will be understood.- The thermionic circuit preferably utilizes two pentodes, 200 and 20I, with which if desired additional amplification may be associated. Plate 202 of tube 200 through connector 203 leads to one end of relay coil I12. Plate 204 of tube 20I through connector 205 leads to an end of relay coil I13. The inner ends of relay coils I12 and I13 lead through common return 208 to line 44. The screens 201 and 208 of the respective tubes are connected in parallel through a connector 2| 0 containing a resistance 2, to the line 44. The respective cathode heaters 2I2 and 2I3 are connected in series with a connector 2 bridging across both power lines 44 and 4I. Tube'200 has a grid 2I5 and a cathode 2I6, tube "I has a grid 2" and cathode 2I8, the connections to which will be described.

The pointer arm 32 of the pyrometer slidewire connects with the primary coil 220, of an input transformer 22I, having a secondary 222, and is also connected to the pointer arm 23 of the valve- The center tap 223 ofthe secondary 222 of this transformer is joined through connector 224 to lead H, and it will be clear that instantaneously the induced flow in secondary 222 at the respective upper and lower (or left and right) terminal taps thereof, 225 and 228, will be respectively more and less positive than the center tap 223 (assuming standard -120 A. C. in the power lines). The center tap 223 of the secondary 222 leads, through a cathode bias 221, to the cathodes 2I8 and 2I8 in parallel. Asthe upper tap 225 of the secondary leads through a phase-relation coupling 228 to grid 2I5 of tube 200, and lower tap 228 leads through a phase-relation coupling 230 to grid 2I1 in tube 20I, it will be clear that the plate of the tube in which the grid is less negative than the cathode will be energized so as to actuate its coupled relay coil of the coils I12 and I13. Thus unbalance of the bridge circuit, through actuation of the appropriate coil I12 or I13 swings the switch arm I10 from its midpiece Ill and engages the live contact 238 of the switch. In the form of invention shown in Fig, 3 each switch also includes a supplemental alternative contact or pole, respectively 240 and 24!, which being out of operative connection may be designated as dead. In Fig. 4, however, these poles are used, as will be pointed out. The live poles or contacts, respectively 232 and 238, lead through resistances 242 and 243 to the poles 245 and 246 respectively, of limit switches 20 and 2I. ,As in the other figures, the limit switches are in the line with the respective fields I1 and ii of the valve-operating motor I8, joined by common return I46 to the line 4I. It will be understood that with the switch arm or beam I10 in the mid-position, and thus with the circuits closed through both fields of motor I8 through the resistances, the motor I8 will be held stationary. On the other hand, movement of the beam I10 in one direction, say to the left, in response to actuation of the relay coil I12, pursuant to the actuation thereof by the plate circuit of tube 200, will open the switch comprised of member '23I and pole 232, thus cutting the line through resistance 242, limit switch 20 and field IT. This will permit the circuit still made in field I 8 to run the motor I1 in one direction until limit switch 2I is opened to open the circuit through field I6, or until the bridge circuit is again balanced and the plate circuit deenergized in tube 200 and the relay coil I12 is thus deenergized to permit the beam I 10 to return to mid-position, to automatically close the circuit through field I1 by bringing switch member 23I back into circult-making engagement with pole 232. Obviously operation of the relay coil I13 secures a similar but reversed operation of motor I8 actuating the valve. This is in the automatic operation of the parts.

For hand operation, the switch 235 is moved away lrom pole 234 to engage pole in, which energizes the common line 268 for both hand switches 25d and 2M. cult between the common line 268 and a connector 2&2 leading to limit switch pole 246, while switch 259 closes a circuit between the common line 2&8 and a connector 253 leading to the pole 2% of limit switch 2i. Use of the hand switches to actuate the valve to a desired position will be clear. v

The double throw relay Q6 of Fig. 2, is slightly changed in its connections in Fig. 3 so as to be actuated up when the throttling range limit Switch 269 closes the cirswitches to be described are closed. 6 In the open or dropped position shown, the lower switch I28 rests upon a pole 256 leading through connector 255 to the high contact 35 in the pyrometer intrument, in position to be engaged by the contact-making insulated portion I66 of the pyrometer arm 32. Lower normally made contact or pole I22 of switch I23 leads through connector 256 to the low contact 34 of the pyrometer instrument. vThe pyrometer arm contact-making portion I66 through connector 251 extends to the pole of the circuit-making interrupter N31, to be intermittently energized as the latter is continuously driven by a closed line 258, bridging the two power lines 4| and 44 through the field of the interrupter motor 501. a

The upper poles of the respective switches of the double throw relay 46 couple the respective fields of the load compensating motor 73 with the contacts controlled by the load compensation resetter cam. Thus, upper contact I26 is engaged with the upper pole l6l of switch I 23, while lower contact I26 engages the upper pole I56 of switch I28. The cam 39 driven by shaft 69 having the controlling intermediate slope I69 controls the wiping element I I! which is energized by lead 258 running to lin H, and this places its center contact 8 in the circuit. Thus, in accordance with the direction of running of motor 13 the appropriate circuit from center contact 8 through contacts I20 or I25 is made when the relay 46 is energized out of its dropped condition.

It is a, feature of importance in this phase of the invention that the pyrometer wiper arm 32 have an actualor effective extension 260 in such position as to close throttling-range limit feeling switches respectively 26! and 262 when the pointer 32 reaches its terminals 30 and 3|, on its way out of the throttling range in either direction. The switches are disposed in parallel and have on one side a connection to lead 44 as at 263, and on the other a. common lead 264 leading through coil 46 of the double-throw relay to the other line 4 I.

With this term of invention it will be clear that the valve may attain any position of asymmetry relative to the pyrometer arm with perfect safety in balancing 011*, as the resetting of the relation to a condition of symmetry can only take place when the pyrometer arm itself attains or passes the limit of its throttling range. In order to avoid difllculty about possible hunting as a result of opening and closing of valve limit switches, the extra resistances 59 and 89 between the load compensating potentiometers and the throttling range adjustment are just sufliclent to retain a little resistance in the circuit to keep the bridge circuit slightly unbalanced while the limit switch isopen.

It will be understood that everything is controlled from the pyrometer arm itself in this asearea form oi the invention, as the closingof the high or low contact actuates the load compensating motor to create, then to augment, the asymmetrical dlsposition of the valve pointer and the pyrometer pointer, and thus to close contact H8 with either contact l2t or 326 in anticipation of the need for resetting. Pursuant to this, when the throttling range limit is reached, so that a switch 265 or 262- associated with such limit is closed, the relay 4% is actuated to complete the circuit which was thus previously preselected, to run the load compensation motor in such direc= tion as to change the asymmetrical relation back to symmetrical relation which in the normal course will require the temperature to exceed the throttling limit for a perceptible time interval, which for example may be of the order of fifty seconds, in the preferred embodiment. When the pyrometer arm begins to return from its over extension to and past th'e limit at the edge of the throttling range and the limit switch thereof closes and relay 46 drops, the valve motor is then only actuated, as a function of unbalance in the bridge circuit working in symmetry, 'so that the previously closed and continuously thereafter made high or low circuit, which is maintained during the entire swing of the pyrometer from the control point through the limit of the throttling range, working at the rate determined by the interrupter, begins to reestablish an asymmetrical relationship between pyrometer indicator and valve indicator. This continues during the entire movement of the pyrometer indicator toward the control point. The important thing is that the movement of the pyrometer-arm beyond the throttling limit, manitests the existence of circumstances requiring a return to the symmetrical relation for balance and this existence causes the reestablishment oi fli'e symmetrical relationship. In the form of invention of Figs. 1 and 2, the movement of theeter indicator or arm.

It is an important characteristic of the invention that upon a predetermined change in the system, the previously stored or accumulated asymmetry is wiped out, so that instantaneously at least (after a lapse of the illustrative fifty seconds), the asymmetry is non-existent and the regulation picks up anew from a symmetrical really or efiectively) and the valve operated arm at the same side and in the same proportion of their respective ranges and movement.

In other words, the asymmetrical relationship is one that exists and progresses without regard to proportionality of movement of the respective armsrelative to their. slidewire ranges, while the symmetrical relation is definitely proportioned relation of the two movable arms on their slidewires.' of course, it begins, almost immediately, to lose its proportionality and to develope asymmetry, but the advantage of untying the accumulated asymmetry from the control has been accomplishedat the time it was necessary.

It has been mentioned that the pyrometer control or the resetting may be either direct, as by building the circuit into the pyrometer instrument, or it may be effective or indirect by providing a unit for association with the pyrometer instrument. The circuit shown in Fig. 4 constitutes a disclosure of the indirect or eflective control by the pyrometer arm in a preferred embodiment with all of the functional advantages of the system of Fig. 3.

Referring to Fig. 4, the primary distinction from Fig. 3 is the provision of components which in association with the slidewire of the pyrometer comprises a secondary bridge circuit, by means of which a substitute, false, follower, or relay pyrometer-indicator is provided in the secondary bridge circuit arranged for constantly symmetrical follow-up of the pyrometer of the primary bridge circuit, and with which effective pyrometer arm, in the separate unit the high and low contacts and also the resetting controls are operatively associated.

The primary bridge circuit is made up of the elements discussed of the bridge circuit of Fig. 3, except for such changes as enable this circuit to be cut in or out, in alternation with the secondary bridge circuit to be discussed. There is provided an electromagnetic gang switch or four-throw relay 210, the coil 211 of which connects at one end with line 44, and at the other through connector 212 connects to pole 213 of switch 214 arranged in intermittent driving relation to the interrupter motor 101, in alternation to the operation of the timed switch 239 between line 258 from main lead 41, and connector 251 running to the center contact 215, of the high and low contact assembly to be described. The relay 210 includes an upper double pole switch member 216, which in the dropped-out position (shown) engages a pole 211, from which it is movable to engage a pole 218, and a lower double-pole switch member 280, in one alternative position engaging the pole 281 from which it is movable toengage Dole 282. Coupled to the relay 210 are the two intermediate single pole switches respectively 283, arranged to be open in the dropped-out position and to be moved into closed position with a pole 284, and the switch member 285 which is closed with pole 286, as shown in dropped-out relation.

and arranged to break upon energization of coil 211.

In order to actuate the effective secondary or follow-up pyrometer slidewire indicator 316 to be described, there is provided a relay slide wire motor 281, having field windings 288 and 290, joined in a common return leading through connector 291 to what is shown as the disengaged pole 218, of the double pole switch 216 of the relay 210. The field winding 290 leads through limit switch 292 through connector 293, to the pole 241 of the relay switch 231. Similarly field winding 288 of the motor 281 leads through limit switch 294 and connector 295 to the pole 240 of the complemental relay switch 231 in the thermionic circuit.

The relay slide wire motor 281 drives a shaft 294 upon which there is mounted a cam 295 preferably having a profile similar to cam 139. and having a high area 296, a low area 291 and an intermediate slope 298. A wiping rider arm 300 carrying center contact 215 and electrically engaging connector 251, is disposed in evenly spaced relation between a high contact 301 and a low contact 302 when the rider is contacting the intermediate slope 298 of the cam, at the effective control point of the effective slidewire arm substituting for the actual slidewire arm. as will be described. High contact 301 leads through connector 303 to pole 304 oi the lower double pole switch 303 of the coupled reset contacts 305 and 308, and through connector 301 to the field 14 of the motor 13. Low contact 302 leads through connector 308 to switch 306, and from the latter through connector 311 to the field 15 of motor 13. The double switch 305, 308, is mechanically or otherwise coupled to the shaft 294 actuated by the relay slidewire motor, to be raised to break the contacts shown, at the limits of the stroke of the shaft 294 equivalent to the transition through the entire throttling range of the real as well as the secondary or false pyrometer slidewire, to be described.

The primary bridge circuit of Fig. 4 differs slightly from that of Fig. 3 in that although the connection between load compensation potentiometer 12 to the rheostat 18 is always closed, and

may include the small additional resistance 89 if desired, that between the potentiometer 66 and rheostat 10 is only closed intermittently. This is accomplished by connecting the lower terminal of the potentiometer 66 through connector 312 to pole 286, of switch 285 and through the latter and connector 313 to the upper end of rheostat 10. Whenever this circuit is made, the circuit to be described through the secondary bridge circuit is broken, and vice versa.

In the unit assembly for association with the pyrometer instrument there is provided a false slidewire 315, having a movable arm or pointer 316, the position of which is controlled by movements of the motor 281. The follow-up slidewire, forming one wall or portion of the secondary bridge circuit, is permanently coupled through connector 311 to the master pyrometer slidewire at its terminal 3| on one side. The other side of the secondary bridge circuit is closed only when the primary is open, as noted, by means of a. connector 318 running to switch 283, shown open, but capable of movement to engage pole 284. The latter pole through connector 314 joins termi nal 30 of master slidewire 28. It will be clear that the movement of relay 210 in and out switches from the primary to the secondary bridge circuit and vice versa.

The secondary or substitute pointer 315 is always maintained in symmetrical relationship to and follows up the position of the pointer 32 in the pyrometer slidewire, regardless of the condition of asymmetrical relationship that may exist in the primary bridge circuit, as the two upper slidewires comprising the secondary circuit are in parallel. The pointer 32 connects with the primary 220 of the input transformer, and selectively either with the valve positioned pointer 23 in the primary circuit, or with the pointer 316 in the secondary circuit, by means of connector 319 running to switch 280, and completing a circuit alternately with lower pole 281 and through connector 320, as shown, to lower or valve pointer 23, or through pole 282, and connector 321 to pointer 318 of the effective pyrometer slidewire 315. The coupling of the thermionic relay to the thermionic circuit is similar to that of Fig. 3, except that alternately the actuation of the beam member 110, by the respective relay coils 112 or 113, effects movement of either the valve operating motor 18, or the slidewire operating motor 281, inaccordance with the timed positioning of the switch 216, inasmuch as the common return from motor 18 indicated at 322 is to pole 211 of switch 216, while that of motor 281 (291) is to the opposite pole 218.

The use of the real pyrometer slidewire as the tion involved, is considered highly advantageous I to its limit. Thus at the moment that the incontrol medium for positioning a secondary pyrometer slidewire as well as the valve positioned indicator, and utilizing the same thermionic circuit for the purpose, with all of the simplificain the provision of a unit for attachment to an existing pyrometer instrument.

It will be clear that the actual functioning of the electrical circuit will 'vary in accordance with the actual magnitude of conditions in the conditioned device, but in general may be said to be somewhat as follows: With the electrical system in balance, and with the physical members out of balance, that is, disposed in disproportionate relations of asymmetry, the electrical system balance is asymmetrical. Deviation of the magnitude responsive instrument arm in response to existing departure of the magnitude of condition of the device from the desired magnitude of condition thereof, causes the electrical system to be- 2 come unbalanced by adjusting the load compensating rheostats further toward asymmetry. This unbalance of the electrical system creates a situation from which in due course an urge is de-' veloped to actuate the valve still-further in nonlinearity or asymmetry (physical asymmetry), the

rate of development being variable with changes in the interruptor as will be clear. -When proper physical asymmetry is attained, with the electrical system again in balance (asymmetrical) the existing magnitude of condition has been "balanced-ofi against the existingapplication of the condition affecting mediumand the proper balanced condition exists.

In the form of device of Figs. 3 and 4, it will '3 be clear that all of the preceding control functionings of the entire system after a symmetrical balance will have created such asymmetrical positioning of the physical parts as to be in-asymmetrical balance electrically, while the magnitude positioned pointer may be anywhere on its entire range of movement on its slidewire. The agent applying positioned member may also be similarly positioned through its entire range up strument slidewire pointer is about to actuate its limit switch at one end of its range, the indirectly coupled agent applying responsive pointer may be close to its limit on its range on either end, or in a median position according to circumstances.

Assuming the agent applying pointer spaced from its limit when the instrument pointer attains its limit, then, if this concomitant opening of the instrument limit switch maintains for the predetermined interval (illustratively seconds) then the coupled potentiometers will be actuated to restore the load compensation to zero or to their mid-position, to create a situation of electrical unbalance in the electrical system that can only be brought to actual electrical balance by symmetrical, physicall balanced positioning of the magnitude responsive instrument pointer and the agent applying pointer. Pursuant to this electrical unbalance the agent application will in due course be actuated to bring its pointer to physical balance with the instrument pointer and thus to complete the attainment of electrical balance.

Of course, if the agent application'attains its limit at the same end and substantially at the same time as the instrument attains its end and limit, th electrical system will still have been actuated to a condition of asymmetrical balance and despite the fact that the pointers of both agencies are in physical balance, the circuit needs tdbehnbalanced toward symmetry.

The same is true of the forms of invention of Figs. 1 and 2 in that the electrical asymmetrical balance is broken. and the electrical system is placed in a condition of unbalance that can only be satisfied (and balanced) by physical balance of the instrument and agent applying pointers,

following attainment of the limit of its range by the latter pointer. If the instrument pointer is close to its control point, at this time, this may introduce some degree of hunting, but this is not suficiently objectionable as to militate against the utility of the system.

Of course, it is extremely unlikely in either type of device that the breaking of the limit switch would find the electrical system in actual symmetrical balance, and therefore, in each case the first result of the limit switch actuation is unbalancing the electrical system, then "reconditioning the unbalanced electrical 'system to a condition in which physical symmetrical balance, or proportionate positioning or movement of the respective pointers is necessarily in existence before the electrical system can be placed in actual symmetrical balance. This therefore removes all accumulated or stored asymmetry and enables prompt control of the magnitude of the condition to restore it to the desired magnitude without the time and distance delays that so far as can be determined have always attached to all prior,

controls offered to the public.

The advantages of the invention will be evidentvto those skilled in the art, as will the fact that many changes may be made in the invention without departure from the spirit thereof, and all such are to be construed as within the scope of the invention, unless otherwise specifically excluded in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent aifecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application indicating control agency movable in response to variation of th application of said agent, a .system cooperably associated with both of said agencies and effective to actuate the agent-applying-control means afiecting the condition to permit a balancing-oil of the two agencies to disproportionate positions according with balance between the desired magnitude of the condition of such device and the application of the magnitude affecting agent to such device regardless of relative proportionality of position of the respective agencies in response to departure of the magnitude of'the condition from a desired magnitude, and means responsive to predetermined changes in said system for automatically disestablishing the balanced-off disproportionate relation and establishing a balanced-off related proportionality of position of the respective agencies.

2. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition indicating control agency movabl in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent afiecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application indicating control agency movable in response to position of the two agencies in automatic response to predetermined changes in the system.

3. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, a system cooperably associated with both of said agencies and effectively responsive to successive departures or a long continued departure of the magnitude of condition from a predetermined magnitude to actuate the condition-magnitudecontrolling-means progressively toward greater change of the application of the magnitude-affecting-agent toward effecting a balancing-off or the two agencies and of the predetermined magnitude against the application of the agent-affecting magnitude in a relation which is independent of proportionality of position of the two agencies, and means automatically responsive to predetermined changes in the system for actuating the condition-magnitude-affecting-control means to a changed applying situation such that the two agencies will be balanced-off in a position of related proportionality or position of the two agencies. 7

4. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which i desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent ailecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, a system cooperably associated with both of said agencies and including a bridge circuit in which the balance of the circuit depends upon the positioning of the two agencies relative to each other in the circuit, means in the system for varying the bridge circuit from a condition in which balance of the circuit can obtain with the two agencies in symmetrical balanced relative positions, to a condition in which balance of the circuit can obtain with the two agencies in extreme asymmetrical unrelated balanced positions, means for effecting an initial symmetrical balanced relation of the circuit and of the two agencies therein, means in the system responsive to departure of the magnitude of condition from the predetermined magnitude to effeet a variation in the bridge circuit by which balance can be secured only by asymmetrical positioning of the two agencies, means in the system effective on the said departure of the magnitude for actuating the agent applying means for changing the application toward restoration of the predetermined magnitud of condition 01' such I device, and means automatically responsive to a predetermined change in the system for reestablishing a circuit condition in which balance is attained only by the symmetrical positioning of the said two agencies.

5. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, a system cooperably associated with both of said agencies and including a bridge circuit in which the balance of the circuit depends upon the positioning of the two agencies, relative to each other in .the circuit, means in the system for varying the bridge circuit from a condition in which balance of the circuit can obtain with the two agencies in symmetrical balanced relation positions, to a condition in which balance of the circuit can obtain with the two agencies in extreme asym metrical unrelated balanced positions, means for effecting an initial symmetrical balanced relation of the circuit and of the two agencies therein, means in the system responsive to departure of the magnitude of condition from the predetermined magnitude to effect a variation in the bridge circuit by which balance can be secured only by asymmetrical positioning of the two agencies, means in the system effective on the said departure of the magnitude for actuating the agent applying means for changing the application toward restoration of the predetermined magnitude of condition ofsuch device, and means automatically responsive to a predetermined change in the system for reestablishing a circuit condition in which balance is attained only by the symmetrical positioning of the said two agencies, said predetermined change in the system comprising the attainment of the limit of its range by one of the said agencies.

6. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition indicatin control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent afiecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, a system defining a, bridge circuit, the legs of which include complemental-coupled potentiometers, a thermionic circuit including a relay in operative relation to the bridge circuit and arranged for actuation in response to and in a direction related to the direction of unbalance of the bridge circuit, a reversible motor for changing the application of the condition-affecting-agent to the device, a reversible motor for driving the potentiometers to change the condition of balance of the bridge circuit, means for actuating the potentiometer motor in response to departure of the magnitude of condition from the desired magnitude in said device, said agencies being part of said bridge circuit and capable of asymmetrical positioning therein to establish balance in the bridge circuit when the potentiometers have been actuated to disturb the balance conditions, and means associated with one ofsaid agencies for actuating the potentiometer motor when the associated agency has moved to a predetermined position to return the potentiometers to a 'position in which symmetrical balance of the circuit is permitted, said relay being operative'to actuate the reversible motor for the application of the agent until the respective agencies are in symmetrical balanced relation in the established of condition of said device, an indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, the respective control agencies each having a means establishing a limited range of movement for the associated agency, a system cooperably associated with both of said agencies and their range establishing means and effective to permit a balancing-oil of the positions of the two agencies within the limits of their respective ranges to accord with balance between the desired magnitude of condition of said device and the application of the magnitude-affecting agent regardless of relative proportionality of movement or position of the respective agencies within the limits of their ranges, said system including means responsive to the attainment by one of the control agencies of the limit of its movement in its range to automatically disestablish the balanced-0E relation and establish related proportionality of position of the respective agencies relative to their ranges.

8. A temperature controlling system comprising a temperature responsive control element, movable mean for varying the temperature of a furnace, a control element operatively coupled to the movable means, control mechanism operatively associated with both of the elements to actuate the movable means in a predetermined functional relation to variations in temperature of such furnace, means automatically operative to vary the predetermined functional relation to accord with load variations in such furnace, and means automatically responsive to extreme movements of the movable means to restore the first mentioned functional relation.

9. A temperature controlling system comprising in combination with a furnace, a temperature responsive control element operatively associated with the furnace, a temperature in-put controller including a movable device operatively associated with the furnace, at position responsive control element operatively associated with the said movable device, a control system operatively coupled with the respective control elements and arranged to vary the movable device and the input controller initially as a predetermined function of the variation of temperature within the furnace to establish a predetermined relation between the respective elements, means automatically responsive to furnace load conditions and operatively efiective on the control system to modify the initial predetermined functional relation to permit attainment of a different position of the movable device for a given temperature in the furnace, and resetting means operatively associated with the control system for automatically restoring substantially the said initial predetermined relation pursuant to the long continuance of a given predetermined furnace temperature.

10. A temperature controlling system comprising an actuating, and controlling indicator responsive to-temperature conditions in a furnace, a fuel supply line capable of varying the temperature condition in such furnace, means for regulating the supply going through the line, control means positionable as a function of the position of the regulating means, the first mentioned indicator and the positionable control means being in a bridge circuit which predeterminedly establishes balance between the indicator and the positionable means in a predetermined relation, means for varying the functional relation of the indicator and positionable means, so that a conditions of balance is attained in a different predetermined relation in which the position of the regulating means permits a different fuel supply for a. given temperature indication, and means responsive to actuation of the regulating means to a predetermined position typical of a predetermined supply of fuel for temporarily restoring the said first mentioned predetermined relation.

11. A condition controlling system comprising a condition responsive control element, movable means for varying the condition of a conditioned unit, a control element operatively coupled to the movable means, control mechanism operatively associated with both of the elements to actuate the movable means in an initial functional relation to variations in condition of such unit, means automatically operative to establish a different functional relation between the movement of the movable means and the variations in condition of such unit to meet a change in the condition demand of such unit; and means automatically operative to reestablish said initial functional relation.

12. A condition controlling system comprising an electrical bridge circuit, a condition responsive movable control element on one side of the bridge circuit and operatively associated with a conditioned unit, a movable control element operatively coupled to-said movable means on the other side of the bridge circuit, said bridge circuit including operating mechanism to move said means in response to unbalance in the bridge circuit, said coupled movable control element having a symmetrical balanced relationship with the responsive control element in the bridge circuit in one operative relation of the parts, said bridge circuit including means for establishing an asymmetrical balanced relationship between the movable and responsive control elements in another operative relation of the parts, said bridge circuit further including means automatically operating to temporarily reestablish said symmetrical balance.

13. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition, a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, a sys tem cooperably associated with both of said agencies and responsive to a predetermined departure of the magnitude of condition from the desired condition of such device 'for actuating the application-controlling-means for an adjusted position of an includeddifferential from the Dosition of the magnitude of condition agency, said system responsive automatically to a predetermined greater departure of the magnitude of condition from the desired magnitude of condition to erase said difierential from the positions of the respective agencies.

14. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition, a device subject to condition, an

' indicating control agency movable in response to changes in magnitude of condition of said device inaccordance with the existing departure of the magnitude of the condition of said device from the desired magnitude, means for controlling the application of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition of said device, an indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, the respective control agencies each having a means establishing a limited range of movement for the associated agency, a system cooperably associated with both of said agencies and their range establishing means and effective to permit a balancing-off oi. the positions of the two agencies within the limits 01 their respective ranges to accord with balance between the desired magnitude of condition of said device and the application of the magnitude-affecting agent as a result of predetermined movements of the magnitude-responsive agency and including positioning of the two agencies either as in physical balance in which the position of one agency in its range is directly proportioned to the other agency in its range, or in physical unbalance in which the position of one agency in its range has no relevant proportionality and is disproportionate to the other agency in its range, said system including means for gradually increasing the disproportion between the positions of the two agencies in their ranges in response to predetermined movements of the magnitude-responsive agency, and said system including means responsive to an extreme movement of the magnitude of condition responsive agency to remove the disproportionate positioning and automatically to reestablish the directly proportionate relation of one agency in its range relative to the other agency in its range.

15. The method of regulating the magnitude of condition in a conditioned device which consists in establishing an initial balanced relation between the position of ,an arm movable with the variation in magnitude of condition and an arm movable with the variation in application of magnitude of condition afiecting agent, in causing deviations from a desired magnitudeof condition to progressively vary the application of the agent to move its arm to greater and greater disproportionate lengths relative to the magnitude arm, and in removing the accumulated disproportionate adjustments to reestablish the initial balanced relation of the arms as a function of an extreme positioning of an arm.

16. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition, a controlling unit, said unit being arranged for operative association with an assembly including a device subject to condition, a condition responsive electrical control having a movable component variably positioned in response to changes in magnitude'of the condition of said device, means for controlling the application of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition of the device, and an application responsive electrical control having a movable component adjustably positioned in response to variations in the application of said agent,- said unit comprising a system including a complemental condition responsive electrical control having a movable component arranged to be coupled with such first mentioned electrical control for synchronous movement with the movable component thereof, said system arranged for operative association with both electrical controls of ,the assembly and being effective to secure a balancing-oil of the magnitude of condition of and the application of the agent to said device in a plurality of successive conditions of unrelated disproportionality of position of the respective movable components of the complemental and application-responsive controls as a result of successive departures from and returns to a predetermined magnitude of condition of said device, and means in said system operative when the movable component of the complemental control attains a predetermined position to change the system so that sub-' stantially instantaneous balance in the system can maintain without actual balancing-ctr of the magnitude of condition and the application of the agent and with the movable component of application-responsive control in a predetermined directly proportional position relative to that of the complemental movable element.

17. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition, a device subject'to condition, an electrical system including a -Wheatstone bridge circuit, a condition-responsive variable resistance element electrically coupled in said Wheatstone bridge circuit to unbalance said circuit in accordance with the variation of its resistance as a function of the existing departure of the magnitude of condition of said device from the desired magnitude, means for controlling the application of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition of said device, a second variable resistance element electrically coupled in said circuit, a third variable resistance means in the 40 circuit for selectively establishing symmetrical or variably unsymmetrical resistances in the bridge circuit between the first and second elements, whereby the adjustments of said second element in said circuit toward balancing the circuit in response to variations of the application of said agent is modified by the setting of said third means in establishing asymmetrical resistances between the first and second means to secure a balancing-off of the existing condition of said device to the demand regardless of the relative proportionality of the respective resistance variations of the first and second variable resistance elements, said system including means arranged whereby upon a predetermined change in the system said third resistance means is actuated to establish symmetrical resistances between the first and second elements whereby balance of the bridge circuit can only occur when the setting of the respective first and second mentioned variable resistances are in balance in direct proportional related settings without modification by the third variable resistance means.

18. A temperature controlling system comprising in combination with a furnace, a temperatureresponsive control element operatively associated with the furnace, a temperature in-put controller including a movable device operatively associated with the furnace, at position-responsive control element operatively associated with the said movable device, a control system operatively coupled with the respective control elements and arranged to vary the movable device and the input controller initially as .a predetermined funcfurnace to establish a predetermined relation means for varying the condition of a conditioned unit, a control element operatively coupled to the movable means, control mechanism operatively associated with both of the elements to actuate the movable means in an initial functional relation to variations in condition of such unit, means automatically operative to establish a difierent functional relation between the movement of the movable means and the variations in condition of such unit to meet a change in the condition demand of such unit, and. means automatically operative to reestablish said initial functional relation in response to movement of the movable means to an extreme position.

20. A condition controlling system comprising an electrical bridge circuit, a condition-responsive movable control element on one side of the bridge circuit and operatively associated with a conditioned unit, means mo'vable for controlling the condition of such unit, a movable control element operatively coupled to said movable means on the other side of the bridge circuit, said bridge circuit including operating mechanism to move said means in response to unbalance in the bridge circuit, said coupled movable control element having a symmetrical balanced relationship with the responsive control element in the bridge circuit in one operative relation of the parts, said bridge circuit including means for establishing an asymmetrical balanced relationship between the movable and responsive control elements in another operative relation of the parts, said bridge circuit further including means responsive to long continued deviation of the condition of the unit from the control range of the condition responsive element to temporarily reestablish said symmetrical balance.

21. A temperature-controlling system comprising a temperature responsive control element, means for varying the temperature of a furnace, a control element operatively coupled to the means, control mechanism operatively associated with both of the elements to actuate the said means in a primary predetermined functional relation to variations in temperature of such furnace, means automatically operative to vary the predetermined functional relation by increments to accord with load variations in such furnace, and automatically operative means to reestablish said primary predetermined functional relation between the movement of the means and the variation in temperatures substantially without increments when desired.

22. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition-indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent affectin the magnitude of condition thereof, an application-indicating control agency movable in response to variations of the application of said agent, a system cooperabl associated with both of said agencies and efiective to actuate the agent-applying-control means afl'ecting the condition to permit a balancing-off oi the two agencies to disproportionate positions according with balance between the desired magnitude of the condition of such device and the application of the magnitude-afl'ecting-agent to such device regardless of relative proportionality of position of the respective agencies in response to departure of the magnitude of the condition from a desired magnitude, and means responsive to predetermined changes in said system operative when the magnitude of condition is different from that which is desired for automatically disestablishing the balanced-off disproportionate relation and establishing a balanced-off related proportionality of position of the respective agencies.

23. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition-indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of themagnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application-indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, a system cooperably associated with both of said agencies and responsive to departure of the magnitude of condition of such device from a predetermined magnitude to actuate the condition-magnitude-controlling means toward reestablishment of the predetermined condition of such device and to effect a balancing-0d of the two agencies and of the predetermined magnitude against the application of the agent-affecting magnitude in a non-linear relation independent of proportionality of position of the two agencies, and means for securing a predetermined related linear proportionality of position of the two agencies in automatic response to predetermined changes in the system during a departure of condition from said predetermined magnitude.

24. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition-indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent afiecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application-indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, a system cooperably associated with both of said agencies and effectively responsive to successive departures or a long continued departure of the magnitude of condition from a predetermined magnitude to actuate the condition-magnitude-controlling-means progressively toward greater change of the application of the magnitude-afiecting agent toward effecting a balancing-off of the two agencies and of the predetermined magnitude against the application of the agent-affecting magnitude in a relation which lated proportionality of position of the agencies.

25. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition-indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent affectingthe magnitude of condition thereof, an applicationindicating control agency movable in response ,to variation of the application of said agent, a system cooperably associated with both of said agencles and including a bridge circuit in which the balance of the circuit depends upon the effective positioning of the two agencies relative to each other in the circuit, means in the system for varying the bridge circuit from a condition in which balance of the circuit can obtain with the two agencies in effective symmetrica1 balanced relative positions, to a condition in which balance of the circuit can obtain with the two agencies in extreme eifective asymmetrical unrelated balanced positions, said last means being arranged for eifecting an initial symmetrical balanced relation of the circuit and of the two agencies therein, means in the system responsive to departure of themagnitude of condition from the predetermined magnitude to actuate the bridge circuit varying means to effect a variation in the bridge circuit by which balance can be secured only by asymmetrical positioning of the two agencies, means in the system effective on the said departure of the magnitude for actuating the agent applying means for actuating said bridge-circuitvarying means for changing the application toward restoration of the predetermined magnitude of condition of such device, and means automatically responsive to a predetermined change in the system for actuating said bridge circuit-varying means for reestablishing two during a departure of said magnitude of condition from that which is predetermined'a circuit condition in which balance is attained only by the symmetrical positioning of the said two agencies. a

26. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition of a device subject to condition of variable magnitude, a condition-indicating control agency movable in response to the departure of the magnitude of the condition from that which is desired, means for controlling the application to such device of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition thereof, an application-indicating control agency movable in response to variation of the application of said agent, a system defining a bridge circuit, the legs of which include complemental-coupled potentiometers, a circuit including a relay in operative relation to the bridge circuit and arranged for actuation in response to and in a direction related to the direction of unbalance of the bridge circuit, a reversible motor for changing the application of the conditlon-affecting-agent to the device, a reversible motor for driving the potentiometers to change the condition of balance of the bridge circuit, means for actuating the potentiometer motor by timed increments in response to departure of the magnitude of condition from the desired magnitude in said device, said agencies beingpart of said bridge circuit and capable of asymmetrical positioning therein to establish balance in the bridge circuit when the potentiometers have been actuated to disturb the balance conditions, and means associated with one of said agencies for actuating the potentiometer motor for the application of the agent until therespective agencies are in symmetrical balanced relation in the established symmetrical circuit.

27. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition, a device subject to condition, a condition-responsive slidewire having an arm effectively relatively movable in response to changes in magnitude of the condition of said device in accordance with the existing departure of the magnitude of the condition of said device from the desired magnitude, means for controlling the application of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition of saiddevice, a slidewire having an arm effectively relatively movable in response to variations of the application of said agent, a system cooperably associated with both slidewires and their movable arms effective to secure a balancing-off of the existing condition and the application of the agent affecting the magnitude of the condition of said device regardless of the existence or non-existence of relative proportionality of the effective relative movement or position of the respective arms relative to their slidewires or of the passage of time in attaining balance, and means in said system arranged so as automatically and relatively rapidly to cause said balanced-off relationship of the respective arms to become unbalanced and to urge andultimately to cause relative movement of the means for controlling the application of such agent to said device as will cause the arm of the slidewire thereof to effectively relatively move toward a positioning of related proportionality relative to the magnitude-of-condition-responsive slidewire arm.

28. A temperature controlling system comprising a temperature-responsive control element, movable means for varying the temperature of a furnace, a control element operatively coupled to the movable means, control mechanism operatively associated with both of the elements to actuate the movable means in a predetermined linear functional relation to variations in temperature of such furnace, means automatically operative to vary the predetermined functional relation to a non-linear function to accord with load variations in such furnace and time increments of such load variation, and means automatically operating under predetermined control and furnace conditions to temporarily reestablish the predetermined linear functional relation without the delay incident to time increments.

29. A temperature-controlling system comprising a temperature-responsive control element, movable means for varying the temperature of a furnace, a control element operatively coupled to the movable means, control mechanism operatively associated with both of the elements to actuate the movable means in a primary predetermined linear functional relation to var'ations in temperature of such furnace, means automatically operative to vary the predetermined functional relation to a non-linear function to accord with "load variations in such furnace, and means autohas departed from that which is desired to re--' establish said primary predetermined linear functional relation between the movement of the movable means and the variation in temperature.

30. A condition-controlling system comprising a condition-responsive control element, movable means for varying the condition of a conditioned unit, a control element operatively coupled to the movable means, control mechanism operatively associated with both of the elements to actuate the movable means in an initial functional relation to variations in condition of such unit, means automatically operative to establish relatively slowly a different functional relation between the movement of the movable means and the variations in condition of such unit to meet a change in the condition demand of suchunit, and means automatically operative to reestablish relatively rapidly said initial functional relation when the relation of condition-varying to condition of said unit requires.

31. A condition controlling system comprising an electrical bridge circuit, a condition-responsive movable control element on one side of the bridge circuit, and operatively associated with a conditioned unit, movable means for varying the condition-affecting agent supplied to such unit, a second movable control element operatively coupled to said movable means on the other side of the bridge circuit, said bridge circuit including operating mechanism to move said means in response to unbalance in the bridge circuit, said coupled movable control element having a symmetrical balanced relationship with the responsive control element in the bridge circuit in one operative relation of the parts, said bridge circuit including means for establishing an asymmetrical balanced relationship between the movable and responsive control elements in another operative relation of the parts, said bridge circuit further including means automatically operating to temporarily reestablish said symmetrical balance when the relation between condition and supply in said unit requires, while the conditionresponsive element is off of its control point.

32. The method of regulating temperatures in a furnace which includes the step, after a succession of controlling functions in which the valve and pyrometer control have a stored diflerential of positioning, of removing the stored diiferential while the pyrometer control is off 01 the control point to temporarily establish related identical positioning of pyrometer and valve.

33. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition, a device subject to condition, a magnitude-arm operatively associated with the device and movable through a predetermined range in response to changes in magnitude of the condition of said device relative to a desired magnitude, means for controlling the application of an agent affecting the magnitude of condition of said device, an application-arm operatively associated with the agent-application means and movable through a predetermined path as a function of the application of the condition afiecting agent, a system cooperably associated with both arms efiective to secure a balancing-off of the existing condition and the application of the agent regardless of the relative proportionality of the movement or position of the respective arms relative to their respective paths, and means in said system arranged so as to cause said balanced-off relationship of the respective arms to become unbalanced and to cause relative actuation of said agent-application means for controlling the application of the conessence condition of said device relative to a desired magnitude, means for controlling the application of an agent aflecting the magnitude of condition of said device, an application-arm operatively associated with the agent-application means and movable through a predetermined path as a function of the application of the condition affecting agent, a system cooperably associated with both arms effective to secure a balancingoff of the existing condition and the application of the agent regardless of the relative proportionality of the movement or position of the respective arms relative to their respective paths, and means in said system arranged so as to cause said balanced-oil relationship of the respective arms to become unbalanced and to cause relative actuation of said agent-application means for controlling the application of the condition aiiecting agent as will cause the application arm to move on its path towarda positionof predetermined related proportionality relative to the magnitude arm on its path automatically as a result of predetermined changes in the system, said predetermined changes occurring when an arm reaches a predetermined point out of midposition on its path of movement.

35. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a condition, a device subject to condition, an electrical control operable in, response to changes in magnitude of condition of said device from a control point representing the desired magnitude to manifest a value of said magnitude within a predetermined restricted range of values including the control point, means for controlling the application of an agent aifecting the magnitude of condition of said device, a second electrical control-operable in response to variations of the application of said agent to manifest a value of said application within its complete range of values, said predetermined restricted range of values having a predetermined proportional relation to said complete range of values, a system cooperably associated with both controls efiective to secure a balancing-off of the existing condition and the application of the agent afiecting the magnitude of the condition ofsaid device regardless of the relation of the manifestation of the instant value of the application control on its rangeto that of the other on its range, and means automatically responsive to predetermined changes in the system while the magnitude-ofcondition control is oil of said control point for actuating the condition-magnitude-afiecting control means to a changed application of the agent such that the two controls will be balanced-off in a position of predetermined proportional relation of manifestation of the instant values of the two controls on their respective ranges.

36. In regulators for controlling the magnitude of a, condition, a device subject to condition, an electrical control operable in response to changes in magnitude of condition of said device from a control point representing the desired magnitude to manifest a value of said magnitude within a 

